With no treatment or vaccine yet for COVID-19, thereโs been talk of using antibody tests to see when it might be safe to relax social-distancing guidelines. These blood tests can show whoโs been exposed to the virus and who hasnโt. Thatโs important because many people who have COVID-19 have mild or no symptoms.
The hope is that people whoโve been exposed to the new coronavirus will have immunity to it. When you have immunity, your body can recognize and fight off the virus that causes COVID-19. But itโs possible that people whoโve had COVID-19 can get sick again โ and maybe infect other people.
We donโt have enough information yet to know which is the case. But national health organizations are doing research to try to find some answers.
How Do We Become Immune?
When germs enter your body, your immune system springs into action. Hereโs how it works:
Bacteria and viruses like the one that causes COVID-19 have proteins called antigens on their surfaces. Each type of germ has its own unique antigen.
White blood cells of your immune system make proteins called antibodies to fight the antigen. Antibodies attach to antigens the way a key fits into a lock, and they destroy the invading germ.
Once youโve been exposed to a virus, your body makes memory cells. If youโre exposed to that same virus again, these cells recognize it. They tell your immune system to make antibodies against it.
Vaccines work in much the same way. They expose your body to an antigen that trains your immune system to fight that germ in the future. Because vaccines contain weakened or killed versions of viruses, you become immune without getting sick.CONTINUE READING BELOW
If Youโve Had COVID-19, Are You Immune?Some countries want to issue โimmunity passportsโ for people who have antibodies to the virus that causes COVID-19, called the SARS-CoV-2 virus. People with these โpassportsโ would be allowed to go back to work and travel because theyโre supposedly immune to the virus.
But health experts donโt yet know whether we really do become immune to COVID-19 after weโre infected. And if we do become immune, we donโt know how long that might last.
Other types of coronaviruses appear to cause some immunity. Studies show that people are protected against the coronaviruses that cause the common cold for up to a year after an infection. And our bodies have antibodies against the SARS coronavirus for up to 4 years.
โ Read on www.webmd.com/lung/coronavirus-immunity-reinfection
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